研究称手写讲义能够“加深理解”

研究人员称，学者应创造“让学生能够反思自己所见所闻”的时刻

二月 17, 2021
Anna McKie
Signing a letter with a fountain pen
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一位研究人员发现，要求学生用笔和纸做笔记，可以使他们对所学的内容有“更深刻的认知理解”。

发表于《高等教育教学》（Teaching in Higher Education）的这项研究中，101名奥斯陆大学（University of Oslo）信息学课程的硕士生被要求手写所有课程讲义、使用纸质的阅读材料并手写思考他们所学内容的最终课程论文。

奥斯陆大学数字化教授马佳·范德威登（Maja van der Velden）发现，大多数手写笔记的学生报告称他们记得更好、分心程度更低、更有创造力，而且总体上与他们的工作有更深联系。

学生们说，在使用电脑时他们更有可能准确地记下讲师所说的话，而手写迫使他们用自己的话总结所听到的内容，这与更佳的记忆力和理解有关。

THE Campus resource: Training students to read and take notes in online classes

据分析，许多学生报告称他们能更好地记住手写材料。

他们将其归因于手写时被迫更加集中精力、“更聚焦于学习”。

一些学生认为手写使他们更具创造力或表达力，可以增强记忆和理解。

该论文称，当学生们重新阅读他们的讲义时，常常会得到更好的记忆力，他们认为这有助于获得更好的考试成绩。

该研究也发现了手写的一些缺点，例如学生抱怨手部抽筋和疼痛，并说在电脑上进行编辑和参考文献都容易得多。

但是，到课程结束时，一些学生最初对手写讲义的犹豫已经消失了。

该论文总结道：“研究结果强调了手写对于更深入的认知理解的重要性。”

范德威登教授说，大学“至少应该让学生了解不同学习和写作技术的优缺点”。

她说：“笔记本电脑非常适合处理大型文本，而手写支持有意义的讲义。”

“讲师可能需要调整他们的讲课方式，在他们所说的内容和在屏幕上显示的内容之间找到更有意义的平衡……创造让学生能够反思自己所见所闻的时刻对所有学生都是有益的，无论他们用什么来写教学笔记。”

anna.mckie@timeshighereducation.com

本文由Liu Jing为泰晤士高等教育翻译。

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Reader's comments (4)

#1 Submitted by msl_csp on 二月 17, 2021 - 8:51am
Finally, an article that sets down what many of us already know from experience. You also get to cover less material at a better pace using an approach that gets students to take notes. At some point, the information has to pass through the brain. I suppose I am lucky as in Engineering we can use numerous example problems to get students to solve things on paper. Unfortunately, the need for high student "satisfaction" scores makes many of us now too risk-averse to try anything radical.
#2 Submitted by lucy_johnston_murdoch_edu_au on 二月 17, 2021 - 12:20pm
Were there any measures of actual memory etc. rather than just student perception of the experience? Objective measures would enhance the subjective reports from the students
#3 Submitted by murozel on 二月 17, 2021 - 6:35pm
I do not know the specifics of the abovementioned research; however, this simply does not work like that for me. I have been doing almost all my note-taking and reading digitally, both academically and professionally, and find it much more effective and efficient than any physical, manuel effort. I acknowledge that optimal means of learning may vary across profiles; however, I think that pen-and-paper methods will become mostly a thing of the past in a few decades at the latest. (like the today-ancient means predating paper).
#4 Submitted by RachC on 二月 18, 2021 - 9:11am
I have not yet read the full research paper, but my first reaction is that mandating handwritten work might put students with specific learning differences at a disadvantage - not least because many find reading their own writing difficult. I can see the benefits of encouraging students to summarise in their own words, but it's important to make our teaching methods as accessible to all students as we can.

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